Lets not forget to tell Barry about the fuel tank strainer, if the fuel filters, both, are changed, an its still driving very slow, pull the tank strainer, an clean it with Carb / Fuel injection spray cleaner, its most likely stopped up, if not it needs cleaning anyway.
A cheap, less than $20 ,,made in China,, 46mm socket does the trick with a long handle breakover bar, an it comes right out, but be sure to drain the tank first.
Old fuel hoses cracked an leaking air or fuel can cause a Diesel to run slow too, an loose power, replace any that are hard, brittle or cracked, use only fuel hose, not some other type of hose, that can cause problems too, air hoses will start to melt when used for fuel.
Dirty fuel is very easy to come by these days, I am very careful where I buy fuel, mostly Conoco truck stops that sell a lot of fuel or the newer Chevron Stations, not some old station which most likely has old rusty tanks an water too.
As far as 40 miles per gallon, with a Mercedes, forget that, these cars weigh over 4,000 pounds, of good German steel that will protect you in a wreck.
If you demand 40 miles per gallon, then spend $20,000 for a small car, a new model, some will barely get that much fuel economy, but a new Chevy HHR will get about 30 miles per gallon if drove right, an cost maybe $15,000 for a less than fully dolled out one.
A 70s an 80s Mercedes 300d will still be running down the road, when the new economy car is junked, an still will be getting the normal 25 to 30 miles per gallon if maintained correctly an driven properly.
My '78 300SD, with the standard 3:07 ratio rear axle will get 27 miles per gallon an its a factory turbo engine is in top condition, an low mileage too. No doubt the factory installed the 3:07 rear axle to take advantage of the extra torque of the turbo Diesel an at the same time give the car maybe 2 miles per gallon better fuel economy.
My '81 300d has a lower gear rear axle, if I remember right its 3:44, thus if one just hangs a turbo onto an NA engine, in a car that came without a turbo, I would bet good hard Yankee money, that the car fuel economy will fall down closer to 20 miles per gallon, an someone would be very unhappy.
Those Germans in Stuttgart are some fine engineers, an the ones who designed our 70s an 80s Mercedes Diesels were old school with their act together, when we go fooling around with experimental ideas, we are just fharting into the wind, an blowing money that could be use to correctly maintain these fine vehicles.
I don't know about you guys, but I am not near as smart an extensive knowledge of the Mercedes to go trying this idea, an that idea in the hopes it may work better than the engineers who designed these cars..
Now as far a Stretch, I have talked with him several times, he has years of extensive working knowledge of the MB Diesels an has successfully made some mods for what he wants his MB s to do,,, but he is the exception too the rules about mods.
No doubt he can perform the mods without any problems an is quite capable of keeping his engines running properly according to his needs for that vehicle, such as one he used for light towing. Most of us cannot do that, as we just don't know how or what to do the right way.
Stretch has more than 20 years extensive skills an working technical details of the MB Diesels, that we do not have, thus he has a great advantage over us, who try to relate to our easy to work on Chevys, Fords an maybe Dodges.
Good luck with your MB Diesels, I love mine an will drive them for many more years. Doug